Bench modeSteps, parts, and safety only. Big type for a phone at the bench.

Parts, by tier, with running totals

The bench

Buy the smallest tier that lets you start this week. Prices are approximate and drift; treat each total as a ceiling. Every project page lists only its own parts, so you never need this whole page at once. The reasoning behind the tiers is on the bench tiers lesson.

Tier 0: nothing to buy

A laptop with Python. Real EEG from PhysioNet, the simulators on this site, and every explainer. You can do all of Phase 1's zero-dollar project and most of Phase 3 and 4 here.

Tier 1: the starter bench, about $248

Enough for the SpikerBox, one channel of EEG, muscle-to-motion, and the eye joystick. The multimeter and soldering iron last a decade.

Tier 1 parts

PartWhereQtyApprox.
A laptop you already own, with Python 3
Windows, macOS, or Linux. Install Python via the official installer or Miniforge; MNE-Python and NumPy via pip.
Your bag1free
9 V batteries and snap connectors, ×4
Two batteries give you a ±9 V split supply. Never power anything touching skin from the wall or from a laptop USB port.
Any store1$10
AD8232 heart-rate monitor breakout
A complete biopotential front end on a board. Use it to compare against your own amplifier, and to see what a good DRL looks like.
SparkFun, Adafruit1$20
Alligator clip leadsAmazon1$6
Arduino Nano Every or Uno (10-bit ADC, USB serial)
A clone works. You need a real analog input; the Nano Every and Uno are the simplest path to the Web Serial plotter.
Arduino store, Amazon, Micro Center1$15
Digital multimeter
You will use this more than any other tool. Auto-ranging saves time.
Amazon, Harbor Freight, Micro Center1$25
Disposable snap ECG electrodes, pack of 50, and snap leads
For EMG and as a quick ground/reference. Snap leads with alligator or 3.5 mm ends.
Amazon1$12
ESP32 DevKit (or Raspberry Pi Pico)
For streaming from the ADS1299 board over USB later. Either board works; pick one ecosystem and learn it.
Adafruit, SparkFun, Amazon1$8
Flush cutters, wire strippers, tweezersAmazon1$15
Full-size breadboard, ×2, and jumper wiresAdafruit, Amazon1$12
Gold cup EEG electrodes, set of 5 with leads
Reusable. Clean them after each use. Touch-proof (DIN 1.5 mm) connectors are the standard.
Amazon, OpenBCI shop, medical suppliers1$30
Hobby servo (SG90)
For muscle-to-motion.
Adafruit, Amazon1$4
INA128 instrumentation amplifier (DIP-8), ×2
The AD620 or INA118 are interchangeable for our purposes. Get the through-hole DIP version for breadboards.
Digi-Key, Mouser2$18
LM386 audio amplifier
Drives a small speaker so you can hear spikes.
Digi-Key, Mouser, Amazon1$2
Pinecil soldering iron (USB-C powered) and a spool of solder
Or any temperature-controlled iron. Lead-free solder is fine; get flux.
Pine64 store1$35
Resistor and capacitor assortment
1% metal-film resistors matter for the instrumentation amplifier's balance. Include 0.1 µF ceramics and a few 1 to 10 µF film or ceramic caps.
Amazon, Adafruit1$15
Sewing pins or fine steel wire for insect electrodes
A pin in the cockroach leg, another as reference. Backyard Brains sells proper ones if you want them.
Any store1$2
Small 8 Ω speakerAdafruit, Amazon1$3
Ten20 conductive paste, one jar
Holds the cups on and lowers impedance. Nuprep skin gel helps too.
Amazon, medical suppliers1$12
TL072 or OPA2134 dual op-amps, ×4
For filters, the DRL circuit, and the audio stage of the SpikerBox.
Digi-Key, Mouser1$4
Total (prices drift; treat as a ceiling)$248

Tier 2: the real instrument, about $570 more

The fabricated ADS1299 board, a scope, a signal generator, and electrode-making supplies. Or the OpenBCI Ganglion as an alternative to building the board.

Tier 2 parts

PartWhereQtyApprox.
3D printing access (campus makerspace) or a Bambu A1 Mini
Free on campus after the safety certification. Buying your own is ~$250 and is worth it by Phase 2 if you use it weekly.
Marriott Library or Lassonde makerspace; Bambu Lab if buying1free
Conductive silicone or carbon-loaded TPU filament for dry electrodesAmazon, Protopasta1$25
Eight dry EMG electrode pads or snap electrodes and a fabric armbandAmazon1$20
OpenBCI Ganglion (4 channels), an alternative to building the ADS1299 board
Buy this instead of building if you want to get to decoding faster. Then reverse-engineer it. Cyton (8 channels) is ~$1000.
OpenBCI shop1$250
Signal generator (cheap DDS module, or use the scope's built-in)
Drives the phantom head dipoles at known amplitudes.
Amazon1$20
Silver wire (0.5 mm) and household bleach for Ag/AgCl plating
Chloriding in bleach or by electrolysis in saline turns bare silver into a proper Ag/AgCl electrode.
Jewelry suppliers, Amazon1$15
Unflavored gelatin or agar, table salt, plastic bowl
Saline concentration around 0.9% by weight matches tissue conductivity to within a factor you can calibrate.
Grocery store1$10
USB isolator (ADuM3160/4160 based)
Lets the board talk to a laptop on charger power without connecting the laptop's ground to you. Batteries are still simpler.
Amazon, Adafruit1$20
USB oscilloscope (Hantek 6022BE class) or a Rigol DHO800 if budget allows
A real bench scope is better; the engineering building has them. A USB scope on your desk is what you will actually use at midnight.
Amazon, Rigol1$70
Your ADS1299 board, fabricated and assembled by JLCPCB (5 boards, 2 assembled)
The ADS1299 itself is ~$60 in single quantity and dominates the cost. Order two assembled so one can die.
JLCPCB1$140
Total (prices drift; treat as a ceiling)$570

Tier 3: borrowed

Anything in a lab, the nanofab, or the machine shop. Phase 6 lives here. The way in is the research ladder.

Where the campus gives it to you free

The Marriott Library and Lassonde makerspaces have 3D printers, laser cutters, and electronics benches with scopes and soldering stations. The engineering building has real bench oscilloscopes. Do the certifications in the first weeks and a large part of Tier 2 becomes Tier 0.